Vitamin D
Vitamin D testing is utilized primarily to evaluate:
- Vitamin D deficiency: Vitamin D deficiency is common worldwide and is associated with various adverse health effects, including bone disorders (such as rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults), muscle weakness, increased risk of falls and fractures, and compromised immune function. Vitamin D testing helps diagnose deficiency, particularly in populations at risk, such as individuals with limited sun exposure, dark skin, older adults, obese individuals, and those with malabsorption disorders.
- Assessment of vitamin D status: Vitamin D testing provides information about an individual's vitamin D status, including levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], which is the major circulating form of vitamin D in the blood. Low vitamin D levels may indicate inadequate sun exposure, dietary intake, or absorption of vitamin D. Monitoring vitamin D levels can help identify individuals who may benefit from supplementation or lifestyle modifications to optimize vitamin D status.
- Evaluation of bone health: Vitamin D plays a crucial role in calcium absorption and bone metabolism, and adequate vitamin D levels are essential for maintaining bone health and preventing bone disorders such as osteoporosis and fractures. Vitamin D testing may be performed as part of the evaluation for bone disorders or to assess bone health in individuals with risk factors for bone loss.
- Risk assessment for certain medical conditions: Low vitamin D levels have been associated with an increased risk of various medical conditions, including cardiovascular disease, autoimmune diseases, certain cancers, and mood disorders such as depression. Vitamin D testing may be used to assess vitamin D status in individuals with these conditions and guide treatment strategies.
- Monitoring of supplementation: Vitamin D supplementation is commonly recommended for individuals at risk of deficiency or with low vitamin D levels. Vitamin D testing may be used to monitor the effectiveness of supplementation interventions and ensure that vitamin D levels are maintained within the optimal range to support normal physiological functions, including bone health and immune function.